In Japanese rental housing—particularly in apartment and condominium complexes—there are designated “common areas” that all residents share for access and use. These include spaces such as the building entrance, elevators, corridors, stairways, garbage collection points, and bicycle parking areas.

While these areas may appear open for general use, they are governed by clearly defined rules. Unknowingly using them inappropriately can lead to complaints from neighbors, warnings from the property management company, or in severe cases, even a breach of contract.

This article presents real-life examples of common area disputes and offers a clear explanation of the fundamental rules and expectations for respectful conduct as a tenant.

What Are “Common Areas” in Japanese Residential Properties?

Common areas refer to parts of a residential building that are shared and used collectively by all residents. Unlike private living spaces (exclusive-use areas), these spaces cannot be privately owned or controlled by any individual resident.

Typical common areas include:

• Entrance halls

• Shared corridors and stairways

• Elevator interiors and waiting areas

• Bicycle and car parking areas

• Garbage disposal stations

• Communal lounges or meeting rooms (where available)

• Landscaped zones, benches, and exterior open spaces around the building

These areas are often governed by detailed regulations outlined in building management rules or lease agreements. As such, their use is typically subject to restrictions, and residents are expected to comply with established guidelines.

Case Example 1: Personal Items Left in the Corridor Result in Complaints

A tenant had temporarily placed personal belongings—such as an umbrella stand, potted plants, garbage bags, and a baby stroller—in the shared corridor outside their front door. A neighboring resident filed a complaint, citing obstruction of passage and blockage of the emergency evacuation route. The property management company subsequently issued a formal removal notice.

Core Issue

Shared corridors are considered part of the designated emergency evacuation routes. Leaving items in these areas—even temporarily—can be deemed a violation of fire safety regulations, particularly under the Japanese Fire Service Act.

How to Avoid This Issue

• Do not leave any personal belongings in corridors or stairwells

• Even small items like umbrellas or slippers may be subject to warning if left out

• Store all personal items within your private unit or in designated storage spaces

Case Example 2: Unauthorized Bicycle Parking Leads to a Warning

A new resident began parking their bicycle in the building’s shared bicycle area without first reviewing the lease terms. After a short period, they received a notice from the property management company stating that unregistered bicycle parking was prohibited and were instructed to remove the bicycle immediately.

Core Issue

In many residential buildings, bicycle parking is subject to specific rules such as registration, sticker identification, and limits on the number of bicycles per household. Using the area without prior registration may result in the bicycle being treated as abandoned and removed accordingly.

How to Avoid This Issue

• Always submit an application before using the bicycle parking area

• If a parking sticker is issued, attach it clearly in the designated location

• Check if there are limits on the number of bicycles permitted per household

Case Example 3: Improper Garbage Disposal Results in a Warning

A resident was repeatedly disposing of garbage on incorrect days and failed to follow proper sorting procedures. As a result, neighbors reported the issue to the property management company, which issued a formal warning. The building also experienced scattered trash due to crows and stray cats, leading to a decline in overall appearance and resident satisfaction.

Core Issue

Garbage disposal in Japan is strictly regulated by local municipalities, and many buildings impose their own additional rules. Failure to comply can result in formal warnings or even regulatory intervention, which may impact the entire building.

How to Avoid This Issue

• Check the designated days, times, and types of approved garbage bags

• Review the sorting guidelines provided by your local municipality and posted in the building

• Only dispose of garbage at the building’s designated collection area

Case Example 4: Packages Left in the Entrance Area Spark Complaints

A resident who missed a delivery left parcels in the building’s entrance for several days. Other tenants raised concerns, stating that the unattended boxes detracted from the building’s appearance and posed a potential security risk. In response, the property management company posted a formal notice reminding residents of the rules.

Core Issue

Entrances and shared lobbies are public spaces used by all residents. Leaving personal items or garbage in these areas is not permitted, as it can affect aesthetics, safety, and unobstructed passage.

How to Avoid This Issue

• Collect deliveries from parcel lockers or building entrances promptly

• If delayed, consider requesting temporary storage assistance from the property manager

• Large furniture or bulky waste should never be left unattended in shared spaces

Common Area Rules to Review Before Moving In

Lease agreements and property regulations often contain detailed guidelines regarding the use of common areas. Before moving into a residential building, it is essential to review the following points:

• Whether personal items may be placed in hallways or stairwells

• The application process and usage terms for bicycle parking spaces

• Garbage disposal schedule, sorting requirements, and designated collection points

• How to access and use parcel delivery lockers

• Usage rules for guest parking and shared facilities

• Whether pets are permitted to pass through or be temporarily held in common areas

If anything is unclear, contacting the property management company in advance is highly recommended. Doing so can help prevent future misunderstandings or disputes.

Common Areas Are Shared Spaces

It is important to recognize that common areas are not extensions of one’s private living space, but shared environments used by all residents. Even if a particular action seems harmless to one person, it may be perceived as unpleasant or inconvenient by others.

To prevent misunderstandings or disputes, tenants must first understand the true meaning of “shared space” and commit to using it in accordance with established rules and etiquette. Respect for the community begins with mindful, cooperative use of these communal areas.